Motherboard: An Essential Component of Your Computer

If you're in the market for a new motherboard, there are a lot of questions you should be asking yourself. This guide will help you navigate the complexities and ensure you pick the best motherboard for your needs. We'll also introduce you to the top five gaming motherboards of 2022.

The Motherboard: An Essential Component of Your Computer

What is a motherboard?

The motherboard is defined as the computer's printed circuit board (PCB), which serves as a point of connection for various components such as the central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), memory, and storage. It acts as a sort of backbone that enables communication among all the parts. It is also referred to as the logic board or mainboard.

Motherboard Form Factor Size

The form factor of a motherboard determines its overall layout, including size, shape, case, power supply, and mounting holes. Here are some common form factors.

1) ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended) form factor

It refers to the motherboard's layout and size, promoting standardization. ATX is an evolution of the Baby AT form factor, developed by Intel in 1995. An ATX motherboard measures 11.2 inches by 8.2 inches. It introduced advanced software control features while minimizing interference with drive bays and offering improved airflow.

2) Micro-ATX form factor

Micro ATX is the next generation of ATX, measuring 9.6 by 9.6 inches, smaller than the standard ATX. It supports up to four expansion slots, easily accommodating ISA, PCI, PCI/ISA, and AGP. Due to its different size compared to standard ATX, the mounting hole positions vary; however, most ATX cases are compatible. Micro ATX motherboards support processors from both Intel and AMD.

3) Nano-ITX form factor

Nano-ITX is another form factor, designed by VIA Technologies in March 2003 and launched two years later in 2005. Its compatibility allows for integration with low-power devices such as personal video recorders, in-car systems, smart TVs, and more.

Best Gaming Motherboard of 2022

The best gaming motherboard for you ultimately depends on your budget and what you expect from your system. Here are the top five gaming motherboards for 2022.

1. ASUS ROG Maximus Z690 Hero Motherboard

The ROG Maximus series is ASUS's flagship consumer motherboard line, with pricing and features that are almost unparalleled. The ASUS ROG Maximus Z690 Hero is an entry-level model in the Z690 series, built for Intel's "Alder Lake" processors and DDR5 memory. It also boasts two PCIe x16 Gen4 slots, making it valuable for high-end GPUs, storage, and networking.

Specifications

Form Factor: ATX

CPU support: 12th Generation Intel Core processors

Video Output: 1x HDMI 2.1

Storage slots: 3 M.2, 6 SATA 6Gb/s

Network: 1 Intel 2.5Gb Ethernet, Wi-Fi 6E

Memory Support: 4x DIMM slots, up to 128GB, DDR5 6,400+ (OC)

Expansion Slots: 2 PCIe 5.0 x16, 1 PCIe 4.0 x16 (runs at x4 mode)

USB ports: Two Thunderbolt 4, seven USB 3.2 Gen 2, two USB 2.0

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2. Gigabyte X570 Aorus Xtreme Motherboard

This AMD motherboard ranks second on our list because of its advanced power and design that allows users to overclock for better performance. It is the best X570 Limited Edition motherboard with an integrated chipset and CPU cooler for your system. It may come with an expensive price tag as an E-ATX form factor, but it has features that you won't find on other models.

Specifications

Form Factor: Ultra Large E-ATX

CPU support: AMD Ryzen 5000 / 4000 / 3000 / 2000 / 1000 Series

Video Output: None

Storage Slots: 3 M.2, 6 SATA 6Gb/s

Network: Aquantia 10Gb Ethernet, Intel Wi-Fi 6E

Memory Support: 4 DIMM slots, up to 128GB, DDR4 5,400 (OC) MHz

Expansion Slots: 1 PCIe 4.0 x16, 1 PCIe 4.0 x16 (runs at x8)

USB ports: 6 USB 3.2 Gen 2, 2 USB 3.2 Gen 1, 4 USB 2.0

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3. ASRock Z690 Taichi Motherboard

The RGB waterblock and moving gears on the I/O shield are eye-catching, and while it might seem a bit expensive, Razer fans will love the Z690 Taichi for its seamless integration with the Chroma ecosystem and its signature Razer look. Apart from its unique elegant looks, it has several aesthetic highlights, such as dual Thunderbolt 4 ports and an excellent audio solution. Its robust initial memory support is also one of the reasons why it makes it to the top of our list.

Specifications

Form Factor: ATX

CPU Support: 12th Generation Intel Core processors

Video output: 1 HDMI 2.0 port, 2 Thunderbolt Type-C ports

Storage Slots: 3 M.2, 6 SATA 6Gbps

Networking: Killer Wi-Fi 6E; Killer E3100G 2.5G and Intel I219V 1G Ethernet

Memory Support: 4 DIMM slots, up to 128GB, DDR5-6400 (OC)

Expansion Slots: 2 PCIe 5.0 x16, 1 PCIe 4.0 x16, 1 PCIe 3.0 x1

USB Ports: Two Thunderbolt 4 Type-C; up to one USB 3.2 Gen2x2, two USB 3.2 Gen 2, nine USB 3.1 Gen 1, and three USB 2.0

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4. MSI Pro B660M-A Motherboard

MSI introduces the PRO B660 series motherboards, equipped with the new LGA 1700 socket from Intel, supporting the 12th Gen processors. The Micro-ATX motherboard, PRO B660M-A DDR4, features the latest Intel B660 chipset and ample memory, making it a reliable choice for budget-oriented or mid-range gaming PC systems.

Specifications

Form Factor: microATX

CPU support: 12th Generation Intel Core processors

Video outputs: 2 DisplayPort 1.4, 2 HDMI 2.1

Storage Slots: 2 M.2, 4 SATA 6Gb/s

Network:  1 x 2.5 GbE port

Memory slots: 4 DIMM slots, up to 128 GB, DDR4 4,800 MHz (OC)

Expansion Slots: 1 PCIe 4.0 x16, 1 PCIe 3.0 x4

USB ports: Two USB 3.2 Gen 2, two USB 3.2 Gen 1

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5. ASUS TUF Gaming X570-Plus (Wi-Fi)

For consumers who don't want to spend top dollar on a flagship chipset but still want a processor that checks the boxes for features and performance, it's a solid investment that offers a good balance of value, functionality, and oomph.

Specifications

Form Factor: ATX

CPU Support: AMD Ryzen 5000 / 4000 / 3000 / 2000 Series

Video outputs: 1 DisplayPort, 1 HDMI

Storage slots: 2 M.2, 8 SATA 6Gb/s

Networking: 1 Gigabit Ethernet port, Intel Wi-Fi 5

Memory support: Four DIMM slots with support for up to 128GB of DDR4 5,100MHz (OC) memory

Expansion Slots: 1 PCIe 4.0 x16, 1 PCIe 4.0 x16 (runs at x4 mode)

USB ports: 3 USB 3.2 Gen 2, 4 USB 3.2 Gen 1

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How do motherboards work?

The motherboard facilitates communication between the different parts of a computer, and it hosts most of the computer's components. Everything else in the computer connects to the motherboard, which also carries the computer's microprocessor chip. Either the motherboard itself runs the computer, or components plugged into it enhance its performance.

What are the common components found on a motherboard?

The motherboard contains the following main components:

• CPU: Controls the overall functionality of the computer system through its logic circuits. It processes instructions and ensures the performance of the operating system and other computer components.
• RAM: A solid-state drive that stores and executes applications and data. Motherboards typically have two to four RAM slots.
• Keyboard and Mouse: There are two types of keyboard and mouse interfaces on the motherboard, which are PS/2 and USB ports.
• ROM BIOS: This is a non-volatile memory that stores firmware such as the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS).
• Power Supply Connector: A slot that connects an external power source to the computer. Some 20-pin connectors can provide around 110 AC power supply.

Handling Motherboards Tips

1. If you need to remove the mainboard for any reason, avoid placing it on a conductive or hard surface such as metal or glass. It is recommended that you lay the mainboard on an anti-static plastic surface or a soft surface such as clothing to prevent damage.

Support it with your fingers from underneath and above

• Do not touch the motherboard's PCB (printed circuit board) with your bare hands, as it is one of the more delicate parts. The motherboard is made of plastic and metal to provide rigidity to the area. Grip the motherboard on the bottom edges and just above the RAM slots with your fingertips.
• Before removing the motherboard from the computer, disconnect all external connections. Unplug the system from the power source and wait a minute after powering down.
• Clean the motherboard periodically, as cleaning is important for every component on the motherboard.
• Install the motherboard sideways so you can connect the rear I/O first, then carefully assemble the other parts connected to the system.

In short

A good motherboard defines the capabilities of your machine, as it is considered the backbone of the computer system. It is a crucial component through which data is transferred via data buses. Choose the right one for your needs.

When handling the motherboard, make sure to follow proper handling techniques for optimal maintenance. We've also touched on various specifications that differentiate them, allowing you to choose based on your needs, budget, performance, and speed preferences. You can also explore other offerings from top motherboard manufacturers like ASUS, Gigabyte, MSI, and ASRock.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Motherboards

More questions about Motherboards you may be interested in:

1. Can I touch the motherboard with my hands?

Yes, you can touch the motherboard with your hands, but make sure that you discharge any static electricity first. After turning off the system, wait about a minute for the electrical components to fully discharge.

2. What can ruin a motherboard?

Overheating can commonly damage the motherboard, so ensure that your CPU has proper cooling to reduce excess heat. Additionally, incorrectly installed components, power surges, or partially or incorrectly connected cables can also cause damage to the motherboard.

What is the lifespan of a motherboard?

With proper maintenance and cleaning, a motherboard can last 20 years or more. When the available hardware becomes outdated, you may need to upgrade the components on your motherboard. But the board itself should continue to work.